物质成瘾患者和行为成瘾患者在纹状体和前额叶激活的异同：基于双系统模型的元分析

doi:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2025.1333

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 尽管物质成瘾患者和行为成瘾患者在反思系统和冲动系统存在异常激活模式, 但尚不清楚两者异常激活模式是否存在相似和差异。针对这一问题, 本研究采用激活似然估计(activation likelihood estimation, ALE), 对物质成瘾患者和行为成瘾患者在抑制控制和奖赏相关任务下的神经激活数据进行定量分析。经过文献检索和筛选后, 本研究共纳入102项功能核磁共振技术(fMRI)研究。元分析结果发现：(1)在抑制控制任务中, 物质成瘾患者的背外侧前额叶皮层激活降低, 行为成瘾患者相应脑区激活增强。(2)在奖赏加工相关任务中, 两组患者的纹状体激活均增强。这些结果表明, 在冲动系统上, 物质成瘾患者和行为成瘾患者存在共同激活特征; 而在反思系统上, 物质成瘾患者功能受损, 行为成瘾患者则可能出现补偿性激活。总之, 本研究揭示了物质成瘾患者和行为成瘾患者在冲动系统和反思系统存在共同的异常激活特征; 同时, 两者也表现出各自独特的神经激活模式。

关键词: 元分析, 物质成瘾, 行为成瘾, 奖赏加工, 抑制控制

Abstract: Based on the dual-system theory of addiction, substance addiction and behavioral addiction result from the interaction between the reflective system, represented by the prefrontal cortex, and the impulsive system, represented by the striatum. While most existing studies separately examined the functional changes in these systems for substance addiction and behavioral addiction, our understanding of their neural mechanisms across different cognitive tasks remains incomplete. Furthermore, the similarities and differences in the neural substrates underlying these two types of addiction have not been fully elucidated. To address these gaps, the present study employed a systematic meta-analytic approach to investigate the neural activation patterns in substance addiction and behavioral addiction during inhibitory control and reward processing tasks. Specifically, the study first conducted a meta-analysis to map the neural correlates of substance addiction and behavioral addiction in these tasks, followed by a contrast analysis to evaluate their similarities and differences in neural activation.
The present study used Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) to conduct a meta-analysis of neuroimaging data. It included 23 articles on inhibitory control tasks and 30 articles on reward processing tasks for substance addiction. For behavioral addiction, it included 12 articles on inhibitory control tasks and 37 articles on reward processing tasks. The meta-analysis was conducted in standard Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) space, using GingerALE (3.0.2) to convert Talairach coordinates obtained in the studies to MNI space coordinates. For the inhibitory control tasks, a threshold of p < 0.001 (uncorrected) was used, with a minimum cluster size of 250mm³. For the reward tasks, the ‘true’ ALE scores were then tested against the ALE scores of the null distribution by adopting a cluster-level family wise error (cFWE)-corrected threshold of p < 0.05, while the cluster-forming voxel-wise threshold was set at p < 0.001 uncorrected. Finally, contrast analysis was conducted for substance addiction and behavioral addiction under the two different task conditions. The threshold for contrast analysis was set at p < 0.01 (uncorrected), with a minimum cluster size greater than 50mm³ (10, 000 permutations).
The findings revealed two principal patterns in neural activation: (1) In inhibitory control tasks, there was no overlap in commonly activated brain regions between substance addiction and behavioral addiction. Notably, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex exhibited decreased activation in substance addiction, while showing increased activation in behavioral addiction. (2) In reward processing tasks, the striatum demonstrated consistently increased activation across both substance addiction and behavioral addiction.
In conclusion, the current meta-analysis provides novel insights into the neural mechanisms of substance addiction and behavioral addiction during inhibitory control and reward processing tasks. Both types of addiction are characterized by abnormal activation in the striatum, suggesting a shared impulsive system dysfunction. However, during inhibitory control, substance addiction was associated with reduced activation in the fronto-parietal control network, whereas behavioral addiction exhibited enhanced activation in this network. Additionally, behavioral addiction demonstrated both inhibitory control abnormalities and preserved inhibitory control capacity compared to substance addiction. The study reveals that both substance addiction and behavioral addiction have general abnormalities in the reflective and impulsive systems, but each type of addiction has its own unique neural activation patterns.

Key words: meta-analysis, substance addiction, behavioral addiction, reward processing, inhibitory control

中图分类号:

B845

何全兴, 李兆岚, 杨海波. (2025). 物质成瘾患者和行为成瘾患者在纹状体和前额叶激活的异同：基于双系统模型的元分析. 心理学报, 57(8), 1333-1348.

HE Quanxing, LI Zhaolan, YANG Haibo. (2025). Dual-system perspectives: A meta-analytic comparison of striatal and prefrontal cortex activation patterns in substance addiction versus behavioral addiction. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 57(8), 1333-1348.

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